G. D. Cruz*1, P. H. Hai2, S. Polyorach3, N. Anantassok3, P. Beelen4, H. D. Rosa5, and E. Kebreab1
(1) University of Califor-nia, Davis,
(2) Institute of Agricultural Science for Southern Vietnam, Hochiminh City, Vietnam,
(3) Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thai-land,
(4) Federal University of Alagoas, Rio Largo, Brazil,
(5) Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil.
Astract
In South East Asia, rice straw is the principal crop residue fed to livestock; it is estimated that 40% of total rice straw produced goes to animal feed. Rice straw is a high lignin, high silica and low digestibility feedstuff, therefore a method to increase its nutritional quality would benefit animal production. The objectives of the study were to 1) improve the utilization of rice straw by increasing dietary nitrogen or energy availability and consequently reduce methane emissions, 2) analyze the daily profile of methane measured in ventilated hood chambers (VHC) and 3) investigate intake variability of heifers in VHC compared with group pen. Nine Holsteins heifers were fed in a 3 × 3 Latin square design, with 3 dietary treatments and 3 periods. Animals were fed twice daily at 0900 and 1700 h. Treatments were: control (14.3 CP% and 2.35 Mcal ME/kg DM), high energy (14.2 CP% and 2.45 Mcal ME/kg DM) and high protein (16.5 CP% and 2.36 Mcal ME/kg DM). Each period consisted of 14 d of adaptation and 1 d in the VHC. During the adapta-tion period heifers were kept in a group pen equipped with Calan gate system to measure individual feed intake. Feed offered and refused in the VHC was weighted individually. Dry matter intake (DMI) of the day that animals were in the VHC was used as a covariate to analyze the total methane emitted. Increase in nitrogen or in energy in the diet did not have an effect on daily methane emission (P ≥ 0.35), with heifers in control, higher energy and high protein treatments emitting a daily average of 396, 393 and 414 g/d, respectively. A 37% decrease in DMI between heifers in VHC and previous day in group pen was observed (6.4 vs. 10.2 kg/d, P < 0.001, respectively). Methane emission peaks occurred between 1 to 1.5 h after feeding, the morning peak averaged 20 g/h and the afternoon 24 g/h. Daily lowest values were observed early morning, 1 to 2 h before feeding with average values of 10g/h. Even though heifers were provided with the best management condi-tions during the VHC day, DMI was drastically reduced, which may have affected methane productions. Caution needs to be taken when making inference in methane production data when using VHC method and when few hours of observation are extrapolated to daily emission.
Key Words: dairy heifers, methane emission, rice straw
J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 90, Suppl. 3/J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 95, Suppl. 2
|
[ Tin tức liên quan ]___________________________________________________ -
How to prevent the most serious diseases of black pepper (piper nigrum l. ) – a case study of Vietnam (Author: Nguyen tang Ton and Bui Chi Buu) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Development Of New Hybrid Maize V-118 For The South Eastern And Central Highland Regions (Author: Nguyen Huu De, Tran Kim Dinh, Bui Xuan Manh, Nguyen The Hung) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Influence of heat treatment to the degradability capability of protein fractions in rumen by Cncps model of soybean meal (Author: La Van Kinh, Nguyen Van Phu and Huynh Thanh Hoai) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Influence of heat treatment to the degradability capability of protein fractions in rumen by CNCPS model of peanut meal (Author: La Van Kinh, Huynh Thanh Hoai and Nguyen Van Phu) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Influence of heat treatment to the degradability capability of protein fractions in rumen by CNCPS model of deoiled coconut cake (Author: La Van Kinh, Nguyen Van Phu and Huynh Thanh Hoai) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Study Of Standardization Of Herbal Products Containing Coscinium Fenestratum Used For Pig And Poultry (Author: Vo Văn Leo, Huynh Ngoc Thuy, Tran Thi Van Anh, Huynh Loi, Ma Chi Thanh, Nguyen Quang Nam, Tran Hung,La Van Kinh). ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Efficiency Of Artificial Insemination And Optimum Time Of Insemination On Swamp Buffalo (Author: Dinh Van Cai , Nguyen Huu Tra, Luu Cong Hoa, Thai Khac Thanh, Han Quoc Vuong, Hoang Khac Hai and Le Tran Thai) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Influence of mineral fertilizers and foliar fertilizers to upland rice yield in the Easup District, Daklak Province (Author: Dao Minh So) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Effect of metabolisable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) of diets on reproductive performances in dairy cows in Ho Chi Minh City area (Author: Doan Duc Vu, Pham Ho Hai and Vo Phuoc Quy) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Use of Milk Repalcer for Dairy Male Calves for Beef Production (Author: Đoan Đuc Vu, Pham Ho Hai và Hoang Van Thang) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Pig Crossbreds Of Three And Four Ways For Commercial Production In Southeastern Region Of Vietnam (Author: Nguyen Thi Vien, Nguyen Huu Tinh, Doan Van Giai, Nguyen Huu Thao, Le Pham Dai, Tran Van Khanh) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Combined genetic evaluation of purebreds and crossbreds in Yorkshire and Landrace pigs (Author: Nguyen Huu Tinh, Nguyen Thi Vien) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Efficiency Of Cird, Pgf2α And Gnrh Combination To Synchronize Estrus At Field Level In Swamp Buffalo For Artificial Insemination (Author: Dinh Van Cai, Luu Cong Hoa, Dau Van Hai, Nguyen Huu Tra, Hoang Khac Hai) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
The In Sacco Degradability Of Dry Matter And Crude Protein Of Soybean Meal And Peanut Cake Treated At Different Temperature And Time (Author: La Van Kinh and Nguyen Van Phu) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Research on using Tra fish (Pangasius) by products and Golden snail (Pomacea) in broiler duck diet (Author: Bui Xuan Men and Vuong Nam Trung) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Research on using Tra fish (Pangasius) by products in laying duck diet (Author: Bui Xuan Men, Vuong Nam Trung and Tran Thi Thuy Hang) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Study on quantity of phosphorus & potassium fertilizers, planting density and irrigation technique for sesame (sesamum indicum l.) On poor grey soil in long an province (Author: Pham Thi Phuong Lan, Phạm Quang Dong) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
The aromatic gene in rice is associated with some cross-bed complex F1 by molecule marker (Author:Chau Tan Phat, Nguyen Thi Lang, Tran Anh Thu, Bui Chi Buu) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Effects of body-weight at the age of sexual mature on the reproduction of laying hens Luong Phuong (Author: Phan Bui Ngoc Thao, Tran Van Tinh, Nguyen Thi Hiep, Nguyen Huu Tinh, Nguyen Quoc Vu) ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
-
Research to improve rice production technique procedures of new rice varieties and establishment of production models at ethnic minority areas in Binh Phuoc and Dak Nong provinces (Author: Do Khac Thinh, Hoang Duc Dung, Nguyen Huy Viet, Nguyen Thi Th ( Thứ năm, 22/03/2012 )
|