Summary

Morphological characteristics of 20 black pepper cultivars commonly grown in principal production areas representing for three agro-ecological regions in the Southern provinces (Dong Nai, Ba Ria-Vung Tau, Dak Nong, Gia Lai and Phu Yen provinces) were recorded based on descriptors for black pepper developed by the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. Assessment of the genetic diversity of 20 black pepper cultivars based on 29 morphological characteristics aims to screening and breeding in the South Vietnam. Recorded data were standardized to do the hierarchical cluster analysis with UPGMA method by NTSYS-pc 2.1 software. The analysis of 29 morphological characteristics showed that 20 black pepper cultivars commonly grown in the Southern provinces are rather diversified. At value 8.17 of Euclidean coefficient of the cluster dendrogram, 20 black pepper cultivars divided into three main groups. Group I includes all 14 cultivars (Vinh Linh 1, Vinh Linh 2, Vinh Linh 3, Vinh Linh 4, Vinh Linh 5, Vinh Linh 6, Se 1, Se 2, Se 3, Se 4, Se 5, Se 6, Ando 4, and Ando 5); Group II consists of three cultivars (Trau1, Trau 2 và Trau 3); and group III composes of three cultivars (Ando 1, Ando 2,  and Ando 3). In which Vinh Linh 5, Se 4, Vinh Linh 3, and Ando 4 within group I gave rather high yield (>5.0 kg dry-fruit/vine) and yield and dry-fruit volume of Trau 2 belonged to group II get 8.0 kg, over 600 gram/liter respectively and stable through many years. Genomics of twelve couples of black pepper cultivars are rather closed and genomics of 38 ones are so different that based on the genetic distance of morphological characteristics.      

Keywords: Genetic diversity, morphological characteristics, black pepper cultivars (Piper nigrum L.), South Vietnam

From: Vietnam Journal of Agriculture & Rural Development

The Eleven year No. 188 – 2012, page 20-26

Author: Nguyen Van An  Email: an.nv@iasvn.org

¹Insititute of Agricultural Science for Southern Vietnam