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GROWTH REGULATING FACTOR 7-mediated arbutin metabolism enhances rice salt tolerance
Tuesday, 2024/09/24 | 08:36:17
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Yunping Chen, Zhiwu Dan, Shaoqing Li Plant Cell; 2024 Jul 31; 36(8):2834-2850. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koae140. AbstractSalt stress is an environmental factor that limits plant growth and crop production. With the rapid expansion of salinized arable land worldwide, investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the salt stress response in plants is urgently needed. Here, we report that GROWTH REGULATING FACTOR 7 (OsGRF7) promotes salt tolerance by regulating arbutin (hydroquinone-β-D-glucopyranoside) metabolism in rice (Oryza sativa). Overexpression of OsGRF7 increased arbutin content, and exogenous arbutin application rescued the salt-sensitive phenotype of OsGRF7 knockdown and knockout plants. OsGRF7 directly promoted the expression of the arbutin biosynthesis genes URIDINE DIPHOSPHATE GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 1 (OsUGT1) and OsUGT5, and knockout of OsUGT1 or OsUGT5 reduced rice arbutin content, salt tolerance, and grain size. Furthermore, OsGRF7 degradation through its interaction with F-BOX AND OTHER DOMAINS CONTAINING PROTEIN 13 reduced rice salinity tolerance and grain size. These findings highlight an underexplored role of OsGRF7 in modulating rice arbutin metabolism, salt stress response, and grain size, as well as its broad potential use in rice breeding.
See https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38701348/
Figure 1: Overexpression of OsGRF7 enhances tolerance to salinity stress with the involvement of arbutin. A) Phenotypes of WT and OsGRF7 transgenic seedlings treated with different concentrations of NaCl. Bars = 2 cm. B) Effects of different concentrations of NaCl on seedling length B) in the WT and OsGRF7 transgenic lines. Values are means ± SDs (n = 10 independent seedlings). C) Two-way analysis of variance of the contribution of genotype, treatment, and their interaction to seedling length. SS, type III sum of squares. df, degree of freedom. MS, mean square. F, freedom. D) Fifteen-day-old seedlings of WT and OsGRF7 transgenic lines were treated with 100 mM NaCl for 7 d and recovered for 3 d. Bars = 5 cm. Values are means ± SDs of 3 biological replicates. E) Gene ontology enrichment analyses of downregulated genes in grf7-14 after salt treatment. F) One-way analysis of variance of all identified metabolites in the WT and OsGRF7 transgenic lines. The six selected metabolites for further analysis are marked with red pentagrams. G) Relative levels of the six selected metabolites in F). H) Comparison of MS/MS spectra between experimental samples and the arbutin standard. Values are means ± SDs of 3 biological replicates. For B) and G), the line in the middle of each box represents the 50th percentile. The bottom and top lines represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The whiskers are the minimum and maximum values. WT, wild type. GRF7-OE, OsGRF7 overexpression lines. GRF7-Ri, OsGRF7 RNAi lines. grf7, OsGRF7 knockout lines. ns, no significant difference. For this figure, asterisks indicate significant differences between the wild type and the other genotypes by a two-tailed Student's t-test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001).
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