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Vietnam Agriculture In 2024: Accelerate Creativity & Sustainable Efficiency
Wednesday, 2025/01/15 | 13:18:52

Agriculture has been recognized as a bright spot in the economic development of 2024. The agricultural and rural sector implements the 2024 Plan in the context of mixed advantages, difficulties and challenges; including the strong impact of market fluctuations, intense hot weather, drought, rainstorms in the Central Highlands and Central regions, salt intrusion in southern regions, Storm No. 3 (Yagi) caused heavy damage to the agricultural production (VND 31,800 billion lossed).

 

In 2024, Vietnam continued to be a bright spot in terms of growth, developing at a rapid rate. Its GDP growth in 2024 was estimated at about 7.09 per cent with the GDP per capita of USD 4,700 while its overall economy reached about USD 470 billion. Vietnam has been recognized for controlling inflation and maintaining macroeconomic stability amid strong global economic fluctuations and other difficulties.

 

In 2024, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector accounts for 11.86% GDP; then the industrial and construction sector of 37.64%; the service sector of 42.36%.

 

The trade surplus offered USD 25 billion in 2024. Vietnam continues to be an attractive destination for global FDI capital flows, which are declining and competition between countries is increasingly fierce. FDI attraction is estimated at nearly USD 40.0 billion, realized FDI capital is estimated at USD 21.7 billion (up 7.1% as compared to 2023). More notable than ever is the appearance of the world's leading corporations, especially in the fields of technology and semiconductors.

 

The Vietnam agriculture sector has increased by 3.3 percent as compared to 2023. The forest coverage rate obtained 42.02%. The rate of communes meeting new rural standards offered about 78.7%. Especially, total export turnover of the entire industry is USD 62.5 billion. The proportion of rural households using clean water that meets standards is 58%.

 

The export turnover of agriculture obtained $US 62.5 billion (up 18.7%) with its trade surplus of USD 17.9 billion (up 46.8%), the highest level in recent years and accounting for over 71.6 per cent of the country's trade surplus. The 2024 export turnover included agro-products of $32.8 billion (up 22.4%),  husbandry products of $533.6 million (up 6.5%), aqua-products of $10.07 billion (up 12.2%) and processed wood & furniture products of $17.28 billion (up 19.4%).

 

The crop product value obtained VND 127 million per ha (up 7.4% as compared to 2023), it means USD 5,290 per ha.

 

Rice growing areas developed 7.112 million ha (6.8 thousand ha decresed) with rice production of 43.7 million T (up 0.4%) and average yield of 6.14 t/ha (up 0.5%). The milled rice export of 9.182 million T, obtained its turnover value of $US 5.752 billion, receiving a new record.

 

 

Maize growing area is 8.3 thousand ha with average yield of 5.09 t/ha. Total maize production gained 4.46 million T.

 

Soybean growing area is 16,500 ha with the production of 44,900 T and its yield obtained 1.65 T/ha.

 

Cassava growing area is 515,000 ha; with the average yield of 20.31 T/Ha and total production of 10.46 million T. The cassava export turnover offered 2.62 million T and  $USD 1.16 billion.

 

Sweet potato growing area is 71,800 ha obtaining 789,200 T, with the average yield of 11.0 t/ha.

 

Groundnut growing area covered 146,400 ha with the production of 0,39 million T and average yield of 2.65 t/ha.

 

Vegetable growing areas extended to 1.01 million ha with the production of 19.48 million T and average yield of 19.2 T/ha

 

Sugarcane has become stable and well developed with 179,500 Ha cultivated area to obtain roughly 12.154 million T, average yield obtained 67.7 t/ha. It also produced 1.1 million T sugar. Vietnam has become again one of the top sugar producers in Asia – a new signal.

 

Fruit orchards developed 1.28 million ha. The export turnover of fruit obtained $7.12 billion creating a new record in the country. Particularly, durian exporter value obtained $3.2 billion.

Mango covered 118,500 ha with the total production of 1.1 million T.

Banana covered 162,000 ha with the total production of 2.65 million T.

Dragon fruit covered 55,500 ha with the total production of 1.35 million T.

Orange covered 92,000 ha with the total production of 1.75 million T.

Pomelo covered 113,000 ha with the total production of 1.15 million T

Pinneaple covered 52,000 ha with the total production of 0.75 million T

Longan covered 83,000 ha with the total production of 0.55 million T

Litchi covered 55,000 ha with the total production of 0.35 million T

Rambutan covered 22,000 ha with the total production of 0.34 million T

Durian covered 130,000 ha with the total production of 1.45 million T

Jack fruit covered 82,000 ha with the total production of 0.98 million T

MARD has issued 8,052 growing area QR codes and 1,596 packaging facility QR codes for fresh fruits viz dragon, mango, star apple, banana, grape fruit, passion, seedless lemon, longan, lychee, chili, black jelly to facilitate exporting to China, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Korea, Japan, EU markets.

 

 

Coffee growing areas is 716,600 ha including 665,000 ha harvested. Coffee bean production offered 1.95 million T. Its productivity obtained 2.95 T/ha. The export volume offered 1.32  million T. The export turnover offered $US 5.48 billion.

 

 

Tea growing area is 123,000 ha including 112,000 ha harvested. The total production obtained 1.13 million T with the productivity of 10.0 t/ha. The export volume offered 147,000 T. The export turnover gained $US 0.26 billion.

 

Rubber area covered 921,600 Ha including 730,000 ha harvested with the average yield of 1.85 t/ha fresh latex. Total latex products obtained 1.37 million T. The export turnover of rubber obtained $US 3.46 billion with the volume of 2.03 million T.

 

Cashew nut cultivated area is 310,000 ha (down 2.6%) including 305,000 ha harvested. The total production obtained 340,100 T with its productivity of 1.10 t/ha. The export turnover of cashew nut products offered $US 4.4 billion with the volume of 729,500 T

 

Black pepper growing areas are promoted over 115,000 ha (5,5% decreased) including 113,000 ha harvested. Its productivity offerred 2.60 t/ha. Total production gained 250,000 T. Pepper export obtained the volume of 250,600 T (down 5.1%). However, the export turnover of black pepper offered $US 1.32 billion (up 45.4% due to good price). Black and white grain pepper obtained $1.12 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively. Average price of black and white peppers were noticed as USD 5,154/T and USD 6,884 USD/T, respectively.

 

Cinnamon: In 2024,  the export turnover of cinnamon offered $US 274.5 million (up 7.2%) with the total volume of 99,874 T (up 11.7%). India and the USA are the biggest market.

 

Coconut growing area has been recovered with the figure of 250,000 ha. Particularly, the biggest coconut area in Bentre occupied roughly 80,000 ha.   In 2024, its export turnover of $US 1 billion.

 

HUSBANDRY

 

The 2024’s objective is to promote sustainable livestock development and to ensure supplying for domestic consumption and export.

 

Total meat product production obtained 8.10 million T (up 3.5%) including 5.02 million T of pork (up 3.7%); 2.43 million T of poultry (up 3.8%); 495,800 T of beaf; 122,000 T of buffalo and about 44,100 T of goat and sheep meat of all kinds. Fresh milk product gained 1.21 million tonnes (up 2.1%) and milk and dairy products’ export turnover of $122,900 million. Egg products got 19.68 billion units (up 2.8%). Bee honey product offered 23,800 T so that Vietnam becomes one of top ten honey producers in the world market. Silkworm cocoon yielded 18,500 T.

 

 

Industrial animal feed output equivalent to 21.5 million tons (up 3.4%). Importing value of main feed ingredients is roughly $1.052 billion (including corn kernel; soybean meal; livestock nutrient matters; wheat bran; extracted rice bran).

 

 

The total herd of pigs is estimated as 30.75 million (3.15 million of sows).

 

Bovine herd is reported as 6.32 million including 326,000 dairy cows. Buffalo herd is reported as 2.08 million, mostly in the Northern Vietnam

 

Poultry herd is reported as 578.1 million (including 471.5 million chicken).

 

The export turnover of husbandry products gained US$ 533.6 million (up 6.5%).

 

AQUA-PRODUCTION obtained 9.6 million T including natural fishing of 3.86 million T (up 0.6%) and culture products of 5.75 million T (up 3.7%). Marine and inland fishing were reported as 3.64 million T and 0.21 million T, respectively. Marine aqua-culture products obtained 0.83 million T including 48,000 T of fish; 4,000 T of lobster; 460,000 T of mollusks; and 320,000 T of others. Inland aqua-culture products obtained 4.92 million T including 1.72 million T of brackish water products and 3.2 million T of fresh water ones.

 

Black tiger shrimp:   283,900  T

White leg shrimp:     980,400  T

Pangasius fish:       1,790,000  T

Tilapia fish:               300,000  T

 

Vietnam has strictly implemented solutions to combat IUU fishing, especially deploy and implement the Directive No. 32-CT/TW dated April 10, 2024 how to remove the yellow card as soon as possible.   

 

The total turnover offered $10.07 billion (up 12.2%)

 

 

FORESTRY

 

Vietnam has focussed on improving productivity and forest quality, especially seed management and planting large timber forests under intensive farming’s trend. The proportion of forest area newly planted under controlled seed materials accounted for 85-90%. The year slogan is “Implementing the Sustainable Forestry Development”. Vietnam has carried out the  continuous project namely "Planting 1 billion trees in the period 2021 - 2025". In 2024, the area of ​​concentrated planted forests is estimated to be 282,000 Ha (up 0.2%) and growing 130 million scattered trees. Timber output from planted forests is estimated at 22.88 million m3 (up 9.8%).

 

 

The forest coverage rate was reported as 42.02%.

 

Forest environmental service revenue was over VND 3,400 billion (7% higher than the plan). Sustainable management forest certification (FSC and VFCS/PEFC) has accumulated up to now 610,000 Ha exceeding 20% ​​of the target by 2025

 

The exporter turnover of processed wood & furniture products offered $17.28 billion (up 19.4%).

 

SALT-INDUSTRY

 

MARD has deployed solutions to develop the salt industry, converting ineffective areas to aquaculture; renovating and upgrading salt fields, creating conditions for salt farmers how to improve productivity, quality, lowering cost production, and increasing income. MARD has encouraged extending clean salt production models under technical advances to accordingly increase economic value. In 2024, the salt production area is estimated to be 10,872 Ha (down 0.11%). Output is about 1.1 million T (up 23.6%).

 

AGRO-INDUSTRY

 

Imported values of production inputs were reported as $709 million of fertilizer; $1.05 billion of (animal feedstuff); $118 million of plant protection agro-chemicals.

 

 

The mechanization project combined the pilot construction to focus on implementing tasks and solutions to develop agricultural waste processing; improve the capacity to process and preserve agricultural products, and increase deep process-technology.

 

Rice production in the Mekong Delta and the Red River Delta reached 100% of land preparation, over 90% of harvesting, and over 90% of straw collection.

 

Domestic consumption: The consumption market for agro-products continues to expand in both industries and products, focusing on the domestic market. MARD has promoted propaganda, dissemination and consumption of agricultural products through reputable e-commerce platforms such as Postmart, Voso, Shopee, Tiki, Ladaza.

 

Research management: There are 315 ministerial-level functions to deal with R&D tasks, which have focussed on high-quality crop varieties, livestock and aqua-product breeding. Processing and preservation technology would be carried out how to reduce post-harvest losses. High-tech agriculture would be emphazied beside organic base farming. Environmental protection has gradually met the demand of net-zero goal by the country. MARD has actively launched the national project namely "Sustainable development of one-million Ha rice cultivation with high-quality and low green house emission associated with green growth goal in the Mekong Delta until 2030". There are now seven demonstrations in the 2024 Summer-Autumn crop.  Currently, input cost reduces 20-30%; productivity increases 10%; net income raises 20-25%; especially it expressed less 5-6 tons of CO2e per hectare as compared to check.

 

AGRO-PRODUCT QUALITY: MARD has created and developed the agricultural food supply value chain to ensure quality and safe food supply for domestic consumption and export. Actually, there are 2,500 value chains established and maintained; 322,497 hectares VietGAP certified crops with 10,081 certified establishments and enterprises (an increase of 105,400 hectares and a decrease of 3,967 establishments as compared to 2023). VietGAP certified aquaculture area is 11,054 hectares with 773 certified facilities (an increase of 1,686.8 hectares and a decrease of 181 facilities); 4,170 farms and livestock households are VietGAHP certified (a decrease of 712 farms and livestock households).

 

COOPERATIVE ECONOMY: In 2024, MARD has continued to promote 101 Union of Agricultural Cooporatives; 21,700 agricultural cooperatives (an increase of 1,200 cooperatives as compared to 2023, of which about 65.9% of agricultural cooperatives operate effectively); nearly 2,500 agricultural cooperatives applying high technology and digital transformation; 4,339 cooperatives participate in purchasing agricultural products for members. There are over 1,200 cooperatives operate “rural tourism”. The whole country has 19,660 farms. Of which 1,034 centers invest in solar power systems; 56 centers operate agricultural tourism activities, and 4,235 centers have links in production and consumption of products.

 

ENTREPRENEUR ECONOMY: In 2024, there are over 1,500 newly established enterprises, bringing the total number to 17,300 enterprises (up 7.5%). Large companies continue to increase their investment in agriculture such as Nafoods, TH, Dabaco Vietnam, Masan, Lavifood, Dong Giao TP Export Company, Trading and Investing in the East Sea, ...

 

PRODUCTION LINKS: Vietnam has positively formed cooperation and production linkage associated with processing and consuming agricultural products. They are increasingly developing, expanding scale and improving efficiency. The whole country has 2,938 projects. Of which 1,968 projects and 970 linkage plans were approved by local authorities. The approved projects and linkage plans included 2,412 cooperatives; 538 cooperative groups; 1,305 businesses and 211,545 farming households.

 

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

 

 

 

National Program on New Rural (NTM) received the total resources (both private and public sectors), which mobilized to implement the Program reached over VND 2.92 million billion in investment.

 

The whole country has about 78.7% of communes meeting NTM standards, of which, 2,225 communes meet advanced NTM standards (an increase of 602 communes) and 532 communes meet model NTM standards (an increase of 274 communes). The national average met the demand of 17.5 criteria/commune (an increase of 0.6 criteria). There are 302 district-level units recognized for completing tasks/meeting NTM standards (an increase of 32 units, accounting for 47%), of which 15 districts meet advanced NTM standards. Of the total 22 provinces and centrally run cities, 100% of communes meet NTM standards, with 5 provinces (Nam Dinh, Dong Nai, Ha Nam, Hung Yen and Hai Duong). NTM construction.

 

OCOP (One Commune, One Product)

 

In 2024, the whole country got over 14,642 OCOP products achieving 3 stars or higher, of which 73.2% are 3-star products, 23.5% are 4-star ones. 51 products are 5-star ones. There are 8,086 OCOP entities, of which 32.7%; 25.1% and 42.7% belonged to cooperatives, small businesses, and households.

 

THE OBJECTIVES IN 2025

 

The goal of MARD is how to get “Ecological Agriculture, Modern Rural, Civilized Farmers”. The objectives are as followed:

 

  1. Agriculture growth will get 3.4-3.5%.

  2. The total agro-exporting turnover will obtain USD 64-65 billion.

  3. The new rural commune number will reach to over 80% in the whole country

  4. The forest coverage will be maintained stable as 42.02%.

  5. The proportion of rural households using clean water according to standards is 60%.

 

MARD is affirming that 2025 will be the year of acceleration and breakthrough towards the goal of the “5-year plan 2021 – 2025” to meet the demand of the new strategy of “Era of Raise”.

 

Accordingly, Vietnam agriculture plays a role of “fulcrum and faith” in the national economy.

 

Prof. Dr. Bui Chi Buu

January 2025

 

 

All statistical figures are highlighted from the Ministry of Agricutlure and Rural Development’s review in 27 December 2024, and from the General Statistics Office in January 6, 2025.

 

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