ABSTRACT

The  study  entitled:  “Survey on  the  bottle gourd cultivation and effect of different  cucurbit  rootstocks on growth, development and yield of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria  (Molina) Standl) in Cu Chi District, Ho Chi Minh City”  was conducted at Nhuan Duc Commune, Cu Chi District, Ho Chi Minh City, from October 2011 to October 2012. The objectives of study were to determine some limitation factors on yield of bottle gourd and to find out one  -  two  cucurbit  rootstocks which might highly compatible with bottle gourd plant; high quality and main diseases tolerance. The study was included one survey and two experiments.

The content of the survey on the bottle gourd cultivation in Cu Chi District, Ho Chi Minh City was carried out  by survey  in  details  with the prepared questionnaire.The results  of the survey were recorded that household’s bottle gourd production was small - scale; the cultivated area each household below 0.5 ha (97.5%). Almost farmers had been used F1 varieties but they do not know how to grow grafted bottle gourd. The doses of chemical fertilizers (NPK) application were used unbalance. The N application dose was 170.7 kg per ha; P2O5application dose was 198.4 kg per ha, meanwhile K2O application dose was so shortage with 125.8 kg per ha as compared to recommended doses per ha (141 kg N - 107 kg P2O5 - 158 kg K2O), which was effected on bottle gourd yield. The mean yield, net return and B  : C ratio were low with 25.76 ton per ha; VND 11.5 Mil.; 0.12 respectively.  Bacterial  wilt disease and total cost production (VND 94.5 Mil.) were to increment.

The first experiment with titled: “Effect of seven  cucurbit  rootstocks and two hybrid bottle gourd scions on plant survival rate after grafting”. The two  -  factor experiment was  laid out in a trip  -  plot design with four replications. The horizontal  - strip plots were including of seven  cucurbit  rootstocks (B1 bottle gourd; B2 bottle gourd; SG 5.2 pumpkin; BMT 16 pumpkin; Chanh Nong pumpkin; local sponge gourd; hybrid ridge gourd  varieties). The vertical  -  strip plots were including of two hybrid bottle gourd scions (DTV 6168 and En Vang 449 varieties). The findings reported that there was the interaction between rootstocks and scions on plant survival rate after grafting. Using of B2 rootstock had the highest on plant survival rate (95.0%). Using of Chanh Phong rootstock got the lowest on plant survival rate (81.9%). The En Vang 449/B2 combination (scion /rootstock) recorded the highest on plant survival rate (97.5%)

The second field experiment with the titled: “Effect  of different  cucurbit rootstocks on growth, development and yield on bottle gourd”. The two   -  factor experiment was arranged in a strip  -  plot design with three replications. The horizontal-  strip plots (rootstocks)  were five treatments (Control; hybrid ridge gourd, B2 bottle gourd; B1 bottle gourd; BMT 16 pumpkin varieties). The vertical  -  strip plots (scions) were two treatments such as F1 DTV 6168 and En Vang 449 bottle gourd varieties.

The findings indicated that  the different cucurbit rootstocks were significant effected on yield attributes, yield and rate of  bacterial  wild disease. The B2 and hybrid ridge gourd rootstocks recorded the highest on plant survival rate up to the  last harvest by 85.0% and 81.7% respectively. The En Vang scion/B2 rootstock combination gained the highest on marketable yield, net return, B: C ratio by 33.9 ton per ha; VND 4 6.154Mil. per ha and 0.48, followed by En Vang 449 scion/hybrid ridge gourd rootstock combination by 31.9 ton per ha; VND 38.703 Mil. per ha and 0.41 respectively.

B2 bottle gourd and hybrid ridge gourd rootstocks were performance well growth and development in Cu Chi climatic and geographic conditions. This may be chosen for bottle gourd grafting in next future experiment research.