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Harnessing the Power of Millets in the Global Fight Against Diabetes
Saturday, 2024/01/06 | 09:51:13

Figure: Op-Ed by Director General of ICRISAT, Dr Jacqueline Hughes

ICRISAT NEWS

Every year, World Diabetes Day provides an opportunity to pause and truly take stock of a reality that affects over 400 million people globally. Diabetes-related deaths have risen by 70% since 2000, and the surge in global diabetics is projected to reach a staggering 700 million people by 2045.

 

These statistics are alarming and prompt a call for urgent preventative measures. Research underscores the pivotal role of diet in managing and preventing diabetes, urging us to explore wholesome, nutrient-dense options to combat this global health crisis. 

 

Millets, a group of diverse grains, are a healthy food option that can aid in managing lifestyle diseases, particularly diabetes. The key lies in millets' low glycemic index (GI), which is a crucial factor in stabilizing blood sugar levels. Millets, on average, have a GI of 52.7 which is less than white rice (66), corn flour (70) and refined wheat flour (85). Even after common cooking methods like boiling, baking, and steaming, studies reveal that millets maintain a lower GI than rice, wheat, and maize.

 

Beyond their low GI, millets are also rich in dietary fiber. Studies show that high-fiber diets are associated with improved insulin sensitivity and better blood sugar control. Millets are also known for their exemplary nutritional benefits. These grains are a powerhouse of essential nutrients such as protein, vitamins, and minerals. They are particularly rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc. Zinc and magnesium may both have a role in regulating blood sugar levels. A review of 32 controlled studies conducted in 2019 underscores the importance of zinc in reducing several glycemic indicators in people living with diabetes.  

 

Traditional diets rich in millets, such as those in India and several African nations, have long been associated with reduced incidences of diabetes. Just one cup of cooked millet, which include sorghum, finger millet, pearl millet, foxtail millet and other small millets, provides an impressive dose of fiber, making it a delicious and effective addition to a diabetes-friendly diet.

 

The United Nations declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets, sparking much-needed global conversations about these humble grains. As more individuals share their success stories and health professionals champion the benefits of millets, there is a growing momentum towards making these grains a dietary mainstay. To be sustainable, however, the shift towards embracing millets must move beyond a health trend to a community-led movement.

 

See https://pressroom.icrisat.org/harnessing-the-power-of-millets-in-the-global-fight-against-diabetes

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