ASTRACT
Iron toxicity strongly influences He Thu rice yield under acid sulfate soils in Mekong Delta. Leaf bronzing is the typical symptom. Variety IR 50404 yielded the best when leaf iron content of 200 – 350 mg/kg. Its yield declined when leaf iron content of over 350 mg/kg and downed at 450 mg/kg.
Increasing Fe2+ in the medium enhanced leaf and tiller Fe accumulation. The rice plant was inhibited its nutrient uptake and became poor growth. Rice variety IR 50404 addressed its iron toxicity tolerance better than OM 5451.
Water logging strongly decreased Eh, increased soil pH and ion Fe2+ in soil solution. The maximum Fe2+ in some soil samples come from acid sulfate soils in Mekong Delta varied from 196 ppm to 3,087 ppm. The peak of Fe2+ appeared from 14 to 42 days under water logging ngập nước. Non-significant difference of Fe2+ between potential and active acid sulfate soils.
There is a positive correlation between ion Fe2+ after water logging and iron styles in the soil (FeO, FeDCB, Fett, Feks, Fets) at the initial analysis, pH H2O and organic content. However, the factors contributed to the Fe2+ increasing with different outputs, which depended on water logging time. Iron components in sustained silicate clay (Feks) were considered not to contribute to ferrous-ferric conversion when water logging. Organic matter is the key factor to determine Fe2+ content at the seven-day after water logging. Iron style of poor crystal (FeO), soil pH exhibited the important role to determine Fe2+ at the seven day after waterlogging up to the final situation. The reduced cristal oxyhydroxides slowly get along as compared to informal iron oxyhydroxides and poorly crystal oxyhydroxides. Fett style only took place in the reducing process to significantly increase Fe2+ from 42 to 49 days after water logging.
The study has stimulated the function of Fe2+ measure in soil solution at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 days after water logging and maximum Fe2+ content in soil solution. Accordingly, the function of Fe2+ content at 7 days after logging includes the variate of soil organic content. The function of Fe2+ content at 14 – 35 day after water logging depended on the variables of FeO+ pH. The function at 42 – 49 days after water logging depended on FeO+ pH + Fett + max Fe (p < 0,01).
Under iron toxicity stress, P and Zn applications were recommended to increase the oxidation at the rice rhizosphere, to reduce Fe2+ at roots, to prevent from Fe2+ ion into the rice flux, to reduce the worse impact by iron toxicity, to improve rice yield.
Possibly, water management could be considered as changing toxic water in the canals by clean water to reduce the stress in He Thu season.
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