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Genome-wide association mapping combined with gene-based haplotype analysis identify a novel gene for shoot length in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Strong seedling vigor is an important breeding target for rice varieties used in direct seeding. Shoot length (SL) is one of the important traits associated with seedling vigor characterized by rapid growth of seedling, which enhance seedling emergence. Therefore, mining genes for SL and conducting molecular breeding help to develop varieties for direct seeding. However, few QTLs for SL have been fine mapped or cloned so far

Tifeng Yang, Jingfang DongJunliang ZhaoLongting ZhangLian ZhouWu YangYamei MaJian WangHua FuJiansong ChenWenhui LiHaifei HuXianya JiangZiqiang Liu,   Bin Liu &  Shaohong Zhang

Theoretical and Applied Genetics; 20 November 2023; Vol. 136, Article 251

Key message

Genome-wide association mapping revealed a novel QTL for shoot length across multiple environments. Its causal gene, LOC_Os01g68500, was identified firstly through gene-based haplotype analysis, gene expression and knockout transgenic verification.

Abstract

Strong seedling vigor is an important breeding target for rice varieties used in direct seeding. Shoot length (SL) is one of the important traits associated with seedling vigor characterized by rapid growth of seedling, which enhance seedling emergence. Therefore, mining genes for SL and conducting molecular breeding help to develop varieties for direct seeding. However, few QTLs for SL have been fine mapped or cloned so far. In this study, a genome-wide association study of SL was performed in a diverse rice collection consisting of 391 accessions in two years, using phenotypes generated by different cultivation methods according to the production practice, and a total of twenty-four QTLs for SL were identified. Among them, the novel QTL qSL-1f on chromosome 1 could be stably detected across all three cultivation methods in the whole population and indica subpopulation. Through gene-based haplotype analysis of the annotated genes within the putative region of qSL-1f, and validated by gene expression and knockout transgenic experiments, LOC_Os01g68500 (i.e., Os01g0913100 in RAP-DB) was identified as the causal gene for SL, which has a single-base variation (C-to-A transversion) in its CDS region, resulting in the significant difference in SL of rice. LOC_Os01g68500 encodes a DUF538 (Domain of unknown function) containing protein, and the function of DUF538 protein gene on rice seedling growth is firstly reported in this study. These results provide a new clue for exploring the molecular mechanism regulating SL, and promising gene source for the molecular breeding in rice.

 

See https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00122-023-04497-6

 

Figure 2: Genome-wide association study of shoot length in the whole population and three sub-populations using the three cultivation methods. ac Manhattan plots of GWAS for shoot length in 12 chromosomes under GST (a), GSF (b) and DST (c)

 

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