International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Rice  is  the  most  widely  consumed  staple  food  in  India  and  a  large  part  of  the  world's human population, especially in Asia. In this review we discussed about the Morphological and  molecular  mechanisms  for  drought  tolerance  in  rice.  Rice  requires  high  temperature above 20⁰C but not more than 35 to 40⁰C. The lots of work have been done in this area to find  out  the  cultivars,  resistance  to  drought.    Production  of  rice  is  decreasing  day  by  day due to many biotic and abiotic stresses. Among them drought is one of the most common abiotic  stress  which  affect  yield  and  any  other  phenotypic  factor  of  rice.  There  are  three mechanisms are involved in drought resistance namely drought escape, drought avoidance and  drought  tolerance.  Drought  affect  on  the  rice  grain  yield,  chlorophyll  content,  plant height and no. of tillers per plant. During drought stress, proline and  many other proteins provide  defense  against  drought.  It  has  also  been  discussed  that  how  breeders  improved these traits in rice by using a QTL mapping approach. Different approaches like AB-QTL analysis, gene pyramiding and association mapping can also be used for the improvement of rice.  Transgenic approach have also been adopted for rice to over-express transcription factors involved in the regulation of stress-inducible genes such as CBF/DREB1, DREB2, RD29B,  RD22,  and  ICE1.  Transgenic  rice  plants  have  been  produced  to  over-express several candidate genes, such as Adc, P5CS, HVA1, TPS and TP, RWC3.

Source: Shivani*, D.K. Dwivedi, Raja Husain, Kunvar Gyanendra, Garima Yadav, Gaurav Kumar, Sanghmitra, O.N. Singh, Nitin Vikram and N.A. Khan. 2017. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 4160-4173.

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