Crops carrying broad-spectrum resistance loci provide an effective strategy for controlling infectious disease because these loci typically confer resistance to diverse races of a pathogen or even multiple species of pathogens. Despite their importance, only a few crop broad-spectrum resistance loci have been reported. Here, we report the identification and characterization of the rice bsr-k1 (broad-spectrum resistance Kitaake-1) mutant

Sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase-1 (SnRK1) belongs to a family of evolutionary conserved kinases with orthologs in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeasts (SnF1) to mammals (AMP-Activated kinase). These kinases sense energy deficits caused by nutrient limitation or stress and coordinate the required adaptations to maintain energy homeostasis and survival. In plants, SnRK1 is a global regulator of plant metabolism and is also involved in abiotic stress responses.

Genomic selection (GS) is usually performed on a single trait, but correlated traits can also help predict a focal trait through indirect or multi-trait GS. In this study, we use a pre-breeding population of biomass sorghum to compare strategies that use correlated traits to improve prediction of biomass yield, the focal trait. Correlated traits include moisture, plant height measured at monthly intervals between planting and harvest, and the area under the growth progress curve.

Breeding soybean for tolerance to high salt conditions is important in some regions of the USA and world. Soybean cultivar Fiskeby III (PI 438471) in maturity group 000 has been reported to be highly tolerant to multiple abiotic stress conditions, including salinity. In this study, a mapping population of 132 F₂ families derived from a cross of cultivar Williams 82 (PI 518671, moderately salt sensitive) and Fiskeby III (salt tolerant) was analyzed to map salt tolerance genes.

Herbicide-resistant weeds are a major threat to the world’s food security and result in the loss of billions of dollars of income to crop producers. Penoxsulam, a member of the triazolopyrimidine family of commercial herbicides, has become a center of focus due to an increase in the number of weeds that have developed resistance to this compound. Thus, understanding its mode of action will assist in managing this problem.

Crop straw incorporation has become a prevailing agricultural practice that guarantees the food production and security. There is a significant body of work on the effects of straw incorporation on the methane (CH₄) emissions in paddy fields. However, it is unclear whether there are diverse links between CH₄ emission dynamics and incorporations of different organic compound classes of straw to paddy fields. In this study, soil incubations were conducted to assess the respective effect of incorporations of hydrolysable amino acid (HAA),

In this work, the involvement of programmed cell death (PCD) in the wound-induced postharvest browning disorder and senescence in butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) fresh-cuts was studied. At the wounded (cut, bruised) sites, rapid browning, loss of chlorophyll and massive cell death, accompanied with accumulation of reactive oxygen species and increased electrolyte leakage occurred in a narrow strip of tissue adjacent the injury. The dead cell morphology (protoplast and nuclei shrinkage) together with the biochemical and physiological changes resembled necrotic PCD type.

Enzymatic hydrolysates of different food proteins demonstrate health benefits. Search for diet related food protein hydrolysates is therefore of interest within the scope of functional foods. Mungbean is one of the popular foods in India because of rich protein source. In this study, mungbean vicilin protein (MBVP) was enzymatically hydrolysed by alcalase and trypsin under optimal conditions. We have studied the antioxidant, antiproliferative and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of mungbean vicilin protein hydrolysate (MBVPH)

Soybean oil contains approximately 20% oleic acid and 63% polyunsaturated fatty acids, which limits its uses in food products and industrial applications because of its poor oxidative stability. Increasing the oleic acid content in soybean seeds provides improved oxidative stability and is also beneficial to human health. Endoplasmic reticulum-associated delta-12 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is the key enzyme responsible for converting oleic acid (18:1) precursors to linoleic acid (18:2) in the lipid biosynthetic pathway.

The cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) secreted by necrotrophs are important virulence factors. Although not unequivocally demonstrated, it has been suggested that necrotrophs induce hosts to cooperate in disease development through manipulation of host CWDEs. The necrotrophic fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. (MP), causes charcoal rot disease in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. An RNA-seq experiment was conducted to investigate the behavior of sorghum CWDEs encoding genes after MP inoculation.