Welcome To Website IAS

Hot news
Achievement

Independence Award

- First Rank - Second Rank - Third Rank

Labour Award

- First Rank - Second Rank -Third Rank

National Award

 - Study on food stuff for animal(2005)

 - Study on rice breeding for export and domestic consumption(2005)

VIFOTEC Award

- Hybrid Maize by Single Cross V2002 (2003)

- Tomato Grafting to Manage Ralstonia Disease(2005)

- Cassava variety KM140(2010)

Centres
Website links
Vietnamese calendar
Library
Visitors summary
 Curently online :  24
 Total visitors :  8116954

GRASSY TILLERS1 (GT1) and SIX-ROWED SPIKE1 (VRS1) homologs share conserved roles in growth repression
Monday, 2023/12/25 | 08:04:12

Joseph P. GallagherJarrett ManAdriana ChiaramidaIsabella K. RozzaErin L. PattersonMorgan M. PowellAmanda Schrager-LavelleDilbag S. MultaniRobert B. Meeley, and Madelaine E. Bartlett.

PNAS December 14, 2023; 120 (51) e2311961120

Significance

During plant evolution and domestication, some genes are repeatedly targeted by selection to sculpt development and influence crop productivity. For example, in maize, barley, and many other grass crops, grain production is affected by growth suppression in floral organs. This growth suppression is controlled by class I HD-ZIP transcription factors, which have been repeatedly selected to suppress growth, suggesting deep conservation of function. We found that HD-ZIP transcription factors GT1 and VRL1 regulate growth suppression in branching and flowering structures in maize and brachypodium. Our findings confirm that these two gene lineages share a conserved role in growth suppression and demonstrate how evolution and domestication can be used to predict strong gene editing targets for crop improvement.

Abstract

Crop engineering and de novo domestication using gene editing are new frontiers in agriculture. However, outside of well-studied crops and model systems, prioritizing engineering targets remains challenging. Evolution can guide us, revealing genes with deeply conserved roles that have repeatedly been selected in the evolution of plant form. Homologs of the transcription factor genes GRASSY TILLERS1 (GT1) and SIX-ROWED SPIKE1 (VRS1) have repeatedly been targets of selection in domestication and evolution, where they repress growth in many developmental contexts. This suggests a conserved role for these genes in regulating growth repression. To test this, we determined the roles of GT1 and VRS1 homologs in maize (Zea mays) and the distantly related grass brachypodium (Brachypodium distachyon) using gene editing and mutant analysis. In maize, gt1; vrs1-like1 (vrl1) mutants have derepressed growth of floral organs. In addition, gt1; vrl1 mutants bore more ears and more branches, indicating broad roles in growth repression. In brachypodium, Bdgt1; Bdvrl1 mutants have more branches, spikelets, and flowers than wild-type plants, indicating conserved roles for GT1 and VRS1 homologs in growth suppression over ca. 59 My of grass evolution. Importantly, many of these traits influence crop productivity. Notably, maize GT1 can suppress growth in arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) floral organs, despite ca. 160 My of evolution separating the grasses and arabidopsis. Thus, GT1 and VRS1 maintain their potency as growth regulators across vast timescales and in distinct developmental contexts. This work highlights the power of evolution to inform gene editing in crop improvement.

 

See https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2311961120

 

Figure 1: VRL1 enhances GT1 lateral growth repression. (A) Gene tree showing the evolutionary history of the GT1 (yellow box) and VRS1 (blue box) lineages of the class I HD-ZIPs. The black arrow points to the node at which the VRS1 and HvHOX2 lineages diverged. The gray arrows point to the nodes at which the maize-specific duplication led to the divergence of GT1 and GT2 and of VRL1 and VRL2. Stars highlight genes used in this study. Bootstrap support values are available in SI Appendix, Fig. S1. (B) Mutant lesions used in this study. For GT1, a Mu-insertion line and the previously described gt1-1 allele were used. For VRL1, a Mu-insertion line and a CRISPR mutant were used. An alignment of the wild-type VRL1 allele and the vrl1-CR allele is provided. (C) Tillering in maize plants, left to right: wild type, gt1, vrl1, gt1; vrl1. Colored outlines correspond to bar plot colors in panels D–F. (D) Quantification of the number of tillers per plant. (E) Quantification of tiller length per plant. (F) Quantification of the number of ears produced per plant. In D–F, DM = double mutant (gt1; vrl1), square = 2019 field, circle = 2020 field, triangle = 2021 field. Large shapes are year means, small points are individual plants. Different letters above bars correspond to significantly different means (Tukey’s HSD Test, P < 0.05).

 

Back      Print      View: 213

[ Other News ]___________________________________________________
  • Genome-wide analysis of autophagy-associated genes in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) and characterization of the function of SiATG8a in conferring tolerance to nitrogen starvation in rice.
  • Arabidopsis small nucleolar RNA monitors the efficient pre-rRNA processing during ribosome biogenesis
  • XA21-specific induction of stress-related genes following Xanthomonas infection of detached rice leaves.
  • Reducing the Use of Pesticides with Site-Specific Application: The Chemical Control of Rhizoctonia solani as a Case of Study for the Management of Soil-Borne Diseases
  • OsJRL, a rice jacalin-related mannose-binding lectin gene, enhances Escherichia coli viability under high-salinity stress and improves salinity tolerance of rice.
  • Production of lipopeptide biosurfactants by Bacillus atrophaeus 5-2a and their potential use in microbial enhanced oil recovery.
  • GhABF2, a bZIP transcription factor, confers drought and salinity tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).
  • Resilience of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) to salinity: implications for food security in low-lying regions.
  • Cellulose synthase complexes act in a concerted fashion to synthesize highly aggregated cellulose in secondary cell walls of plants
  • No adverse effects of transgenic maize on population dynamics of endophytic Bacillus subtilis strain B916-gfp
  • Identification and expression analysis of OsLPR family revealed the potential roles of OsLPR3 and 5 in maintaining phosphate homeostasis in rice
  • Functional analysis of molecular interactions in synthetic auxin response circuits
  • Titanium dioxide nanoparticles strongly impact soil microbial function by affecting archaeal nitrifiers.
  • Inducible Expression of the De-Novo Designed Antimicrobial Peptide SP1-1 in Tomato Confers Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria.
  • Toward combined delignification and saccharification of wheat straw by a laccase-containing designer cellulosome
  • SNP-based discovery of salinity-tolerant QTLs in a bi-parental population of rice (Oryza sativa)
  • Pinpointing genes underlying the quantitative trait loci for root-knot nematode resistance in palaeopolyploid soybean by whole genome resequencing.
  • Transcriptome- Assisted Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Piper nigrum -Phytophthora capsici Phytopathosystem.
  • Brassinosteroids participate in the control of basal and acquired freezing tolerance of plants
  • Rapid hyperosmotic-induced Ca2+ responses in Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit sensory potentiation and involvement of plastidial KEA transporters

 

Designed & Powered by WEBSO CO.,LTD